Tokyo finances
東京都の財政
Total spending
¥8.89T
Per resident ¥634,800
Local bonds outstanding
¥3.47T
Per resident ¥247,637
Reserve funds
¥2.53T
Per resident ¥180,547
Fiscal strength index
1.21
1.0 or more: no ordinary allocation tax
Fiscal health rank among the 47 prefectures
Fiscal strength indexBetter than peers
1.21
#1 of 47 in Japan (highest first)
Median of similar municipalities 0.47
What this means
How much of the standard cost of public services a municipality can cover with its own tax revenue. Above 1.0, it receives no ordinary local allocation tax from the national government.
Current balance ratioBetter than peers
80.3%
#1 of 47 in Japan (lowest first)
Median of similar municipalities 93.8%
What this means
Recurring costs that must be paid every year (personnel, social assistance, debt service) as a share of recurring general revenue. The higher it is, the less room for new spending; above 90% is considered rigid.
Real debt service ratioBetter than peers
1.2%
#1 of 47 in Japan (lowest first)
Median of similar municipalities 11.0%
What this means
Debt repayments relative to revenue (3-year average). At 18% or more, new borrowing needs approval; 25% or more triggers early fiscal soundness measures.
Future burden ratioBetter than peers
13.6%
#1 of 47 in Japan (lowest first)
Median of similar municipalities 159.7%
What this means
Debts and other future liabilities as a percentage of one year's standard revenue. For municipalities, 350% or more triggers early fiscal soundness measures. Zero when reserves exceed liabilities.
Local bonds outstanding per residentBetter than peers
¥247,637
#1 of 47 in Japan (lowest first)
Median of similar municipalities ¥820,968
What this means
Outstanding local government bonds at fiscal year-end divided by the population.
Reserve funds per residentBetter than peers
¥180,547
#3 of 47 in Japan (highest first)
Median of similar municipalities ¥72,828
What this means
Fiscal adjustment, debt reduction and special-purpose funds at fiscal year-end divided by the population.
Own-source revenue ratioBetter than peers
91.2%
#1 of 47 in Japan (highest first)
Median of similar municipalities 48.8%
What this means
The share of revenue the municipality raises itself: taxes, fees, charges and similar.
Fiscal adjustment fund ratioBetter than peers
16.0%
#4 of 47 in Japan (highest first)
Median of similar municipalities 6.4%
What this means
The freely usable reserve (fiscal adjustment fund) as a percentage of standard annual revenue. Around 10–20% is considered comfortable.
Revenue ¥9.53T · per resident ¥680,853
Local taxes 72.2%Shared taxes and grants 1.3%National subsidies 5.9%Borrowing (local bonds) 1.6%Donations 0.0%Other 18.9%
| Source | Amount | Per resident | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Local taxes Resident tax, fixed asset tax and other taxes paid by residents and businesses | ¥6.88T | ¥491,685 | 72.2% |
| Shared taxes and grants Portions of national and prefectural taxes distributed to municipalities | ¥124.4B | ¥8,883 | 1.3% |
| Local allocation tax Unconditional transfers from the national government to municipalities with smaller tax bases | ¥0 | ¥0 | 0.0% |
| National subsidies National treasury disbursements for specific programs | ¥562.0B | ¥40,135 | 5.9% |
| Borrowing (local bonds) New borrowing during the year | ¥156.5B | ¥11,175 | 1.6% |
| Donations Including hometown tax (furusato nozei) | ¥64M | ¥5 | 0.0% |
| Other Fees, charges, transfers from reserves, carry-overs and other revenue | ¥1.81T | ¥128,970 | 18.9% |
Spending by function per resident
This municipalityMedian of prefectures (47)
Welfare
¥99K
Education
¥91K
Public works
¥75K
General administration
¥67K
Police
¥46K
Commerce & tourism
¥36K
Health & sanitation
¥35K
Debt service
¥31K
Fire & emergency
¥19K
Labor
¥4K
| Function | Amount | Per resident | Peer median | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welfare Elderly, children, people with disabilities, public assistance | ¥1.39T | ¥99,196 | ¥80,864 | 15.6% |
| Education Schools, libraries, community centers, sports facilities | ¥1.27T | ¥90,598 | ¥104,412 | 14.3% |
| Public works Roads, bridges, parks, sewers, public housing | ¥1.06T | ¥75,479 | ¥66,108 | 11.9% |
| General administration Office management, tax collection, family registers, elections | ¥934.7B | ¥66,752 | ¥33,399 | 10.5% |
| Police Prefectures only | ¥650.3B | ¥46,440 | ¥26,383 | 7.3% |
| Commerce & tourism Business attraction, shopping streets, tourism | ¥497.8B | ¥35,550 | ¥53,525 | 5.6% |
| Health & sanitation Health checks, vaccinations, waste disposal | ¥483.1B | ¥34,502 | ¥19,958 | 5.4% |
| Debt service Repayment of principal and interest on local bonds | ¥441.0B | ¥31,497 | ¥64,586 | 5.0% |
| Fire & emergency | ¥262.4B | ¥18,736 | ¥0 | 3.0% |
| Labor | ¥52.9B | ¥3,776 | ¥1,436 | 0.6% |
| その他 | ¥29.3B | ¥2,090 | ¥0 | 0.3% |
| Agriculture, forestry & fisheries | ¥26.4B | ¥1,885 | ¥31,061 | 0.3% |
| Assembly | ¥4.8B | ¥343 | ¥873 | 0.1% |
| Disaster recovery | ¥1.4B | ¥99 | ¥2,912 | 0.0% |
Welfare spending
Children
¥564.0B
Per resident ¥40,275 (median ¥19,268)
Elderly
¥409.1B
Per resident ¥29,216 (median ¥34,452)
Social welfare
¥393.8B
Per resident ¥28,125 (median ¥23,130)
Public assistance
¥20.6B
Per resident ¥1,471 (median ¥1,753)
Spending by type per resident
Personnel, social assistance and debt service are "mandatory" spending that is hard to cut. Here they make up 26.8% of spending.
Personnel
¥119K
Social assistance
¥19K
Debt service
¥31K
Goods & services
¥36K
Subsidies
¥274K
Construction
¥63K
Transfers to other accounts
¥6K
Reserves
¥21K
Maintenance
¥9K
Ten-year trends
Debt and reserves per resident
Local bondsReserve funds
Spending per resident
Fiscal strength index
Current balance ratio
Population
See the numbers by year
| Fiscal year | Population | Spending | Local bonds | Reserves | Fiscal strength | Current balance | Debt service |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2024 | 14,002,534 | ¥8.89T | ¥3.47T | ¥2.53T | 1.21 | 80.3% | 1.2% |
| FY2023 | 13,911,902 | ¥8.35T | ¥3.71T | ¥2.59T | 1.10 | 81.3% | 1.3% |
| FY2022 | 13,841,665 | ¥9.19T | ¥3.82T | ¥2.36T | 1.06 | 79.5% | 1.2% |
| FY2021 | 13,794,933 | ¥9.59T | ¥3.92T | ¥2.19T | 1.07 | 77.8% | 1.5% |
| FY2020 | 13,843,525 | ¥8.61T | ¥3.99T | ¥2.24T | 1.15 | 84.9% | 1.4% |
| FY2019 | 13,834,925 | ¥7.58T | ¥3.83T | ¥2.63T | 1.18 | 74.4% | 1.5% |
| FY2018 | 13,740,732 | ¥7.38T | ¥4.04T | ¥2.50T | 1.18 | 77.5% | 1.5% |
| FY2017 | 13,637,346 | ¥6.83T | ¥4.31T | ¥2.76T | 1.16 | 82.2% | 1.6% |
| FY2016 | 13,530,053 | ¥6.74T | ¥4.65T | ¥2.58T | 1.10 | 79.6% | 1.5% |
| FY2015 | 13,415,349 | ¥6.93T | ¥4.90T | ¥2.27T | 1.00 | 81.5% | 1.3% |
Municipalities in Tokyo FY2024 · click a column to sort
Amounts per resident. See also the fiscal strength ranking and debt per resident ranking in Tokyo.
| Municipality | Population | Fiscal strength | Current balance | Debt service | Debt per resident | Reserves per resident | Spending per resident |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiyoda City 千代田区 | 68,835 | — | 77.6% | — | ¥0 | ¥1,785,106 | ¥958,168 |
| Chuo City 中央区 | 187,404 | — | 73.3% | — | ¥223,075 | ¥526,698 | ¥732,496 |
| Minato City 港区 | 267,780 | — | 64.6% | — | ¥11 | ¥882,242 | ¥705,584 |
| Shinjuku City 新宿区 | 352,717 | — | 82.8% | — | ¥59,955 | ¥155,758 | ¥521,862 |
| Bunkyo City 文京区 | 235,345 | — | 82.4% | — | ¥47,127 | ¥214,340 | ¥575,531 |
| Taito City 台東区 | 216,084 | — | 83.3% | — | ¥53,285 | ¥259,987 | ¥564,302 |
| Sumida City 墨田区 | 287,302 | — | 78.5% | — | ¥88,307 | ¥212,746 | ¥509,792 |
| Koto City 江東区 | 541,685 | — | 73.1% | — | ¥54,501 | ¥378,270 | ¥483,210 |
| Shinagawa City 品川区 | 412,786 | — | 78.1% | — | ¥34,804 | ¥251,267 | ¥506,991 |
| Meguro City 目黒区 | 281,400 | — | 74.8% | — | ¥23,454 | ¥357,174 | ¥468,956 |
| Ota City 大田区 | 740,519 | — | 78.7% | — | ¥29,520 | ¥158,228 | ¥448,004 |
| Setagaya City 世田谷区 | 923,210 | — | 81.8% | — | ¥44,294 | ¥166,919 | ¥419,915 |
| Shibuya City 渋谷区 | 231,402 | — | 67.3% | — | ¥12,763 | ¥707,621 | ¥538,188 |
| Nakano City 中野区 | 341,322 | — | 81.3% | — | ¥106,949 | ¥220,771 | ¥542,662 |
| Suginami City 杉並区 | 577,147 | — | 80.9% | — | ¥55,520 | ¥161,060 | ¥405,373 |
| Toshima City 豊島区 | 294,644 | — | 81.7% | — | ¥52,153 | ¥192,281 | ¥507,941 |
| Kita City 北区 | 362,089 | — | 78.7% | — | ¥71,551 | ¥215,737 | ¥500,985 |
| Arakawa City 荒川区 | 222,278 | — | 80.0% | — | ¥64,489 | ¥225,427 | ¥547,458 |
| Itabashi City 板橋区 | 578,914 | — | 74.8% | — | ¥46,193 | ¥223,708 | ¥463,516 |
| Nerima City 練馬区 | 745,927 | — | 81.3% | — | ¥63,186 | ¥161,801 | ¥437,456 |
| Adachi City 足立区 | 698,276 | — | 79.7% | — | ¥23,114 | ¥260,281 | ¥483,175 |
| Katsushika City 葛飾区 | 469,916 | — | 80.5% | — | ¥86,939 | ¥285,452 | ¥538,507 |
| Edogawa City 江戸川区 | 693,570 | — | 73.0% | — | ¥333 | ¥387,704 | ¥468,516 |
| Hachioji City 八王子市 | 559,083 | 0.90 | 89.4% | — | ¥233,446 | ¥83,334 | ¥422,531 |
| Tachikawa City 立川市 | 186,257 | 1.20 | 87.1% | — | ¥149,545 | ¥212,510 | ¥493,558 |
| Musashino City 武蔵野市 | 148,034 | 1.57 | 79.2% | — | ¥80,209 | ¥410,987 | ¥583,319 |
| Mitaka City 三鷹市 | 190,497 | 1.17 | 90.2% | — | ¥120,974 | ¥120,890 | ¥439,880 |
| Ome City 青梅市 | 129,105 | 0.78 | 98.7% | — | ¥211,180 | ¥127,433 | ¥486,260 |
| Fuchu City 府中市 | 260,998 | 1.26 | 81.1% | — | ¥178,641 | ¥234,230 | ¥509,051 |
| Akishima City 昭島市 | 115,632 | 1.00 | 94.4% | — | ¥140,937 | ¥169,252 | ¥451,891 |
| Chofu City 調布市 | 239,348 | 1.22 | 92.0% | — | ¥156,686 | ¥107,971 | ¥451,001 |
| Machida City 町田市 | 430,170 | 0.93 | 93.8% | — | ¥197,634 | ¥67,958 | ¥435,304 |
| Koganei City 小金井市 | 125,174 | 1.02 | 94.2% | — | ¥137,586 | ¥114,371 | ¥457,534 |
| Kodaira City 小平市 | 196,799 | 0.95 | 91.7% | — | ¥124,146 | ¥111,547 | ¥444,036 |
| Hino City 日野市 | 188,477 | 0.91 | 94.6% | — | ¥156,950 | ¥90,176 | ¥411,383 |
| Higashimurayama City 東村山市 | 151,795 | 0.75 | 93.1% | — | ¥240,227 | ¥72,923 | ¥452,812 |
| Kokubunji City 国分寺市 | 129,500 | 1.06 | 95.7% | — | ¥212,522 | ¥77,563 | ¥521,663 |
| Kunitachi City 国立市 | 76,079 | 1.01 | 99.0% | — | ¥158,098 | ¥91,986 | ¥505,356 |
| Fussa City 福生市 | 56,582 | 0.71 | 89.4% | — | ¥110,849 | ¥209,562 | ¥657,778 |
| Komae City 狛江市 | 82,048 | 0.81 | 88.0% | — | ¥191,734 | ¥103,188 | ¥443,225 |
| Higashiyamato City 東大和市 | 84,996 | 0.77 | 93.1% | — | ¥191,077 | ¥116,009 | ¥442,913 |
| Kiyose City 清瀬市 | 75,011 | 0.66 | 96.2% | — | ¥258,676 | ¥62,306 | ¥494,498 |
| Higashikurume City 東久留米市 | 116,325 | 0.78 | 95.3% | — | ¥185,138 | ¥97,009 | ¥438,552 |
| Musashimurayama City 武蔵村山市 | 70,696 | 0.77 | 96.2% | — | ¥179,718 | ¥72,017 | ¥514,802 |
| Tama City 多摩市 | 148,084 | 1.15 | 90.4% | — | ¥87,659 | ¥132,638 | ¥429,508 |
| Inagi City 稲城市 | 93,916 | 0.94 | 91.8% | — | ¥197,197 | ¥71,400 | ¥455,310 |
| Hamura City 羽村市 | 54,126 | 0.93 | 94.5% | — | ¥201,963 | ¥79,291 | ¥488,735 |
| Akiruno City あきる野市 | 79,244 | 0.69 | 99.3% | — | ¥302,954 | ¥54,099 | ¥460,994 |
| Nishitokyo City 西東京市 | 206,245 | 0.89 | 95.5% | — | ¥202,400 | ¥81,361 | ¥408,672 |
| Mizuho Town 瑞穂町 | 32,013 | 1.00 | 94.0% | — | ¥211,276 | ¥192,315 | ¥511,962 |
| Hinode Town 日の出町 | 16,061 | 0.62 | 97.9% | — | ¥284,315 | ¥299,888 | ¥641,307 |
| Hinohara Village 檜原村 | 1,923 | 0.17 | 72.9% | — | ¥315,861 | ¥3,018,178 | ¥2,069,970 |
| Okutama Town 奥多摩町 | 4,492 | 0.27 | 75.4% | — | ¥319,709 | ¥1,487,126 | ¥1,562,232 |
| Oshima Town 大島町 | 6,813 | 0.27 | 94.1% | — | ¥1,174,282 | ¥246,208 | ¥1,431,710 |
| Toshima Village 利島村 | 300 | 0.12 | 86.4% | — | ¥1,100,963 | ¥5,134,660 | ¥7,649,953 |
| Niijima Village 新島村 | 2,415 | 0.18 | 82.4% | — | ¥757,099 | ¥1,326,413 | ¥1,926,777 |
| Kozushima Village 神津島村 | 1,737 | 0.19 | 77.5% | — | ¥563,435 | ¥1,315,899 | ¥2,195,356 |
| Miyake Village 三宅村 | 2,211 | 0.20 | 90.7% | — | ¥1,239,110 | ¥1,276,821 | ¥1,980,412 |
| Mikurajima Village 御蔵島村 | 302 | 0.11 | 89.1% | — | ¥1,254,510 | ¥8,422,735 | ¥6,407,424 |
| Hachijo Town 八丈町 | 6,838 | 0.27 | 91.1% | — | ¥876,518 | ¥619,977 | ¥1,361,900 |
| Aogashima Village 青ヶ島村 | 160 | 0.16 | 83.6% | — | ¥241,331 | ¥11,006,812 | ¥5,746,600 |
| Ogasawara Village 小笠原村 | 2,496 | 0.25 | 75.2% | — | ¥1,071,774 | ¥1,305,376 | ¥2,668,414 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, settlement of accounts of prefectures and municipalities (ordinary accounts), processed by Zaisei Zukan.